Insect fauna associated with unshaded coffee cultivation in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru
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Abstract
Context: Coffee agroecosystems are relevant habitats for biodiversity conservation, as they host insect communities with key ecological functions. However, in the central jungle of Peru, there are few studies on the entomofauna in sun-grown coffee plantations, particularly in Oxapampa, Pasco.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterize the entomofauna associated with the cultivation of Coffea arabica cultivar ‘Geisha’ under sun-grown conditions in Oxapampa, evaluating its richness, abundance, and diversity across three vertical strata.
Methods: The study was conducted between September and December 2024 in a sun-grown coffee agroecosystem in the community of Alto Miraflores, Oxapampa. Twenty coffee plants were selected, and three strata were defined: lower (soil), middle (stem), and upper (canopy). Collection was carried out using pitfall traps and sweep nets every seven days. The captured insects were identified using taxonomic keys, and diversity indices (¹D and ²D) were calculated.
Results: A total of 275 individuals were collected, belonging to 10 orders, 34 families, and 40 genera. The most abundant order was Coleoptera (61.09%), followed by Hemiptera (13.81%) and Hymenoptera (9.09%). The upper stratum exhibited the highest richness (37 genera) and abundance (254 individuals), as well as the highest diversity values (¹D = 2.485; ²D = 0.8191). Insect abundance was associated with periods of high relative humidity (>70%) and low precipitation.
Conclusions: Sun-grown coffee in Oxapampa hosts a diverse entomological community, with a predominance of beneficial species such as predators and parasitoids. These results constitute an initial contribution to the sustainable management of coffee plantations in the region, highlighting the importance of integrating biodiversity into their agroecological management.
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